 |
 |
| Aircraft Quality Alloy Steel - usually
4130 alloy strip produced to AMS specifications |
| Alloy - metallic or
non-metallic elements added to base metals to modify its properties |
| Alloy
Strip Steel - steel with one or more additional
elements for customizing specific properties |
| Aluminum-Killed - steel with
aluminum added to deoxidize and refine grain size |
| Annealing - heating
and cooling cycles to soften strip steel for rerolling or forming into parts |
| ACRSSP - the Association of
Cold Rolled Strip Steel Producers, a trade association |
 |
| Batch
Annealing - annealing performed in strip steel
coils using bell furnaces |
| Blast Furnace - where iron
ore, coke and limestone are super-heated to create liquid iron |
| BOF - Basic Oxygen Furnace - a
huge vessel where iron and scrap is converted into molten steel |
| Burr - the sharp, extended
edge of a steel strip created by slitting or blanking operations |
| Butt Welding - the joining of
two strip edges end-to-end, usually with electric resistance |
 |
| Cold
Rolling - reduction of flatrolled steel by
passing hot rolled coils between one or more sets of rolls |
| Cold Working - any type of
strain hardening that increases hardness, ductility, strength and temper |
| Continuous Casting - a
production unit that transforms molten steel into a continuous slab |
| Crown - flatrolled strip with
a greater thickness along the centerline than at the edges |
| Cut
Lengths - flatrolled steel sheared from coils to
a specified length and stacked on skids |
 |
| Dead
Soft Temper - flatrolled steel that has been
annealed last to provide the lowest hardness |
| Deburring - an edging
operation that has removed the burr from a slit strip edge |
| Deoxidation - process to
remove or tie up oxygen molecules in molten steel production |
| Drawing Quality - flatrolled
steel processed to enhance the ability to stretch and form |
| Ductility - elongation
property of steel that resists fracturing during deformation |
 |
| EAF - Electric Arc Furnace - a
huge vessel where steel scrap is recycled into new molten steel |
| Edges - the
strip edge, naturally rounded, often slit, sometimes deburred, rolled or skived |
| Electromagnetic
Iron - specially processed, ultra-low carbon
strip used in relay and switch applications |
| Elongation - the amount a
sample of steel will stretch before breaking, reported as a percentage |
 |
| Face - the total width of an
oscillate-wound coil |
| Fineblank - a
highly-engineered, near net-shape method of metal stamping typically using
heavy gauge strip |
| Fineblanking Steel - strip
steel produced with enhanced extrusion characteristics and uniformity |
| Finish - the surface
topography of flatrolled strip: light matte, matte, regular bright, etc. |
| Flattening - leveling
operation of steel strip through a unit housing a series of small diameter
rolls |
| Full
Hard Temper - flatrolled steel that is rolled
hard last for parts that require high hardness, stiffness |
 |
| Gauge - a numerical
designation or decimal measure of thickness in flatrolled steels |
| Gauge-Corrected - flatrolled
steel with a light rolling to improve thickness tolerances |
| Grain Size - the relative size
of individual, microscropic crystals of steel |
 |
| Half Hard Temper - flatrolled
steel of intermediate hardness, between hard and soft tempers |
| Hardness - the measure of
steel's resistance to permanent deformation by a penetrator |
| Heat - the volume of molten
steel in one production lot of a BOF or an EAF vessel |
| Heat Treatment - thermal
process to increase hardness, usually to high carbon or alloy finished parts |
| Heavy
Gauge Strip Steel - typically thicker than
.250", with precision tolerances or custom properties |
| High
Carbon Steel - grades with .25% carbon or more,
usually for parts to be heat treated |
| High
Strength Low Alloy - low carbon steel with
microalloying elements for minimum strength values |
| Hot
Rolled Strip - slabs heated and rolled into hot
coiled bands of flatrolled steel |
| Hydroforming - a strip steel
metalforming technique using fluid pressure and dies |
 |
| ID Core - a steel or fiber
board liner on the inside diameter of an oscillated coil |
| Inclusions - non-metallic,
often undesirable impurities retained in steel during solidfication |
 |
| Killed Steel - steel
deoxidized with aluminum or silicon to reduce gas content and refine grain size |
 |
| Ladle or Heat Analysis - chemical
analysis taken for each BOF or EAF heat or production lot |
| Low
Carbon Steel - grades with less than .25%
carbon, usually for formed parts |
 |
| Macro Etch - acid-etching a
steel sample to enhance viewing its macrostructure |
| Matte Finish - a specified
roughened or textured surface on flatrolled steel |
| Metallography - the study of
various steel microstructures as seen through a microscope |
| Metallurgy - the study of
metals and alloys, their production, properties and applications |
| Microcleanliness - describes
the extent and morphology of non-metallic inclusions |
| Microstructure - the
crystalline constituents of steel observed through a microscope |
| Mill Edge - the naturally
rounded edge of a flatrolled strip produced by rolling on a mill |
 |
| Normalized Structure - a high
temperature heat treatment to return steel crystals to their normal state |
 |
| One
Pass Steel - typically hot rolled steel with a
minimal cold reduction pass on a rolling mill |
| Oscillate-Winding - coiling
narrow widths in a traverse fashion, much like a fishing reel |
 |
| Pawl Steel - ultra-heavy
alloy strip steel used to make auto transmission parking pawls |
| Pickling - passing steel
through an acid bath to remove hot mill scale and oxide from the surface |
| Profilometer - a tool used in
the measurement of relative surface roughness, peak to valley |
 |
| Quarter Hard Temper - soft
flatrolled steel lightly rolled to moderately increase hardness |
 |
| Residual Elements - non-essential,
incidental elements found in trace amounts in steel |
| Reversing Cold Mill - a
single-stand mill that performs multiple pass reductions, back and forth |
| Rockwell - a standard method
and numerical scale used to measure hardness in metals |
| Roll Forming - continuous
metal forming method using a series of engineered rolls |
 |
| Shear - a
steel cutting operation performed by a fixed edge and a moving blade |
| Sheet Coil - a term for wide
flatrolled steel produced to generic characteristics |
| Skin
Pass - a light rolling of flatrolled steel to
stiffen, brighten or gauge-correct flatrolled steel |
| Slab - the primary,
continuously cast shape to be hot rolled into flatrolled coils |
| Slitting - a
continuous rotary shearing operation to split wide coils into narrower coils |
| Slit Edge - the sheared strip
edge created by slitting wide coils into narrow widths |
| Spheroidized Annealing - a
heating process to create globular carbides in the strip |
| Spring Steel - a term
typically used for high carbon steel to make parts that will be heat treated |
| Stainless Steel - strip steel
with chromium and often nickel to deter atmospheric corrosion |
| Stamping - metalworking
operation that shears and forms parts using tools and dies |
| Steel - iron with carefully
specified additions of carbon, manganese and phosphorus |
| Stretcher Leveling - a steel
flattening process that pulls the strip slightly beyond the yield point |
| Strip Mills - narrow cold
mills, more precise than sheet mills, capable of high carbon, alloy grades |
| Strip
Steel - narrow flatrolled steel produced to
custom and/or precision characteristics |
| Strip Tolerances - thickness
variation typically half or less of sheet mill industry tolerances |
 |
| Tandem
Cold Mill - a series of two or more mill stands
that cold reduce the thickness of steel coils |
| Temper - the specified
hardness range or degree of stiffness typical of low carbon strip steel |
| Temper
Mill - a cold mill used to make a light final
reduction for temper, finish and thickness accuracy |
| Tensile Strength - the
maximum stress a steel specimen exhibits when pulled to failure |
| Tolerance - the permissible
variation above and below a specified characteristic, such as thickness |
| Traverse-Wound Coil - another
name for an oscillate-wound coil |
 |
| Ultra
Heavy Gauge Strip - steel typically heavier than
.375", with precision or custom characteristics |
 |
| Yield Strength - the stress
at which a steel specimen exhibits permanent deformation |